ANSERINE
What Is ANSERINE?
Anserine is a naturally occurring histidine-containing dipeptide (beta-alanyl-3-methyl-L-histidine) found predominantly in muscle tissue, particularly in chicken and fish. It is the methylated analogue of carnosine and functions as an intracellular buffer, antioxidant, and anti-glycation agent. Anserine is primarily used for cognitive support, exercise performance enhancement, fatigue reduction, and metabolic health, with research showing benefits for memory preservation in elderly populations and physical performance in athletes.
ANSERINE Research & Studies
01 Effects of Anserine/Carnosine Supplementation on Mild Cognitive Impairment with APOE4 ▸
A 12-week randomized controlled trial found that daily supplementation with 750mg anserine and 250mg carnosine improved cognitive function in subjects with mild cognitive impairment, particularly those with APOE4 genetic risk factor.
View Study (PubMed)02 Effect of Anserine/Carnosine Supplementation on Verbal Episodic Memory in Elderly People ▸
A double-blind randomized controlled trial showed that 3 months of anserine/carnosine supplementation (1.0g daily in 3:1 ratio) significantly preserved delayed recall verbal memory in healthy elderly volunteers aged 60-78 years compared to placebo.
View Study (PubMed)03 The ergogenic effect of acute carnosine and anserine supplementation: dosing, timing, and underlying mechanism ▸
Three studies demonstrated that acute pre-exercise supplementation with combined carnosine and anserine improved exercise performance, particularly in high-intensity cycling protocols, with optimal effects observed 30-60 minutes post-ingestion at doses of 20-30mg/kg body weight.
View Study (PubMed)04 Anserine Reverses Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress and Preserves Cellular Homeostasis in Healthy Men ▸
Anserine supplementation at doses of 15-30mg/kg body weight increased superoxide dismutase activity by 50% and preserved catalase activity, demonstrating improved antioxidant capacity and cellular homeostasis following exercise-induced oxidative stress.
View Study (PubMed)05 Acute preexercise supplementation of combined carnosine and anserine enhances initial maximal power of Wingate tests in humans ▸
Combined carnosine and anserine supplementation (25mg/kg each) taken 40 minutes before exercise significantly enhanced initial maximal power output during Wingate tests by circumventing plasma carnosinase degradation through the methylated anserine analog.
View Study (PubMed)06 Histidine-containing dipeptide supplementation improves delayed recall: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▸
A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials found that histidine-containing dipeptides (carnosine, anserine) significantly improved delayed recall performance, supporting their utility as cognitive stabilizers.
View Study (PubMed)07 Anserine, Balenine, and Ergothioneine: Impact of Histidine-Containing Compounds on Exercise Performance ▸
This narrative review concluded that anserine may improve physical performance and reduce fatigue, particularly in quick, repetitive activities, while also showing promise for muscle regeneration and antioxidative defense in animal models.
View Study (PubMed)08 Anserine and carnosine supplementation in the elderly: Effects on cognitive functioning and physical capacity ▸
A 13-week double-blind study with 2.5g daily chicken meat extract (containing 1g anserine/carnosine in 2:1 ratio) showed improvements in cognitive function and physical capacity in elderly subjects aged 65+.
View Study (PubMed)09 Anserine alleviates atherosclerosis in ApoE(-/-) mice by regulating lipid metabolism ▸
Animal studies demonstrated that anserine supplementation at doses of 30-120mg/kg/day for 16 weeks inhibited LDL synthesis and alleviated atherosclerosis by regulating lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-fed mice.
View Study (PubMed)ANSERINE User Reviews & Experiences
*Based on large scale analysis of publicly available user experiences
Research evidence strongly supports anserine's cognitive and performance benefits, particularly when combined with carnosine. While direct Reddit discussion of anserine itself is limited, the compound receives positive scientific validation for memory enhancement in elderly populations and exercise performance improvements with minimal reported side effects in clinical trials.
ANSERINE Benefits, Dosage & Side Effects
- Cognitive Enhancement: Significant improvements in delayed recall and verbal episodic memory, particularly in elderly individuals and those with mild cognitive impairment, with effects observed after 3 months of supplementation
- Exercise Performance: Enhanced maximal power output (5% increase in cycling power), improved physical stamina, and reduced fatigue in quick, repetitive high-intensity activities when taken 30-60 minutes pre-exercise
- Antioxidant Protection: Increased superoxide dismutase activity by 50% and preserved catalase activity, reversing exercise-induced oxidative stress and maintaining cellular homeostasis
- Metabolic Support: Potential cardiovascular benefits through lipid metabolism regulation, with animal studies showing atherosclerosis reduction and improved cholesterol profiles
- Memory Preservation: Particularly effective for elderly populations (60-78 years) and those with APOE4 genetic risk, with statistically significant improvements in delayed recall compared to placebo groups
- Athletic Performance: Most effective for short-duration, high-intensity exercise (30 seconds to 8 minutes), with combined anserine/carnosine showing superior results to either compound alone
- Bioavailability: Anserine demonstrates superior plasma stability compared to carnosine alone due to resistance to serum carnosinase-1 degradation, making it more bioavailable when taken orally
- Synergistic Effects: Works best when combined with carnosine in ratios of 3:1 or 2:1 (anserine:carnosine), with combination supplements showing enhanced efficacy over single-compound formulations
- Cognitive Support: 750-1000mg anserine daily (typically combined with 250-500mg carnosine) for 12-13 weeks showed significant memory improvements in clinical trials with elderly subjects
- Acute Exercise Performance: 20-30mg/kg body weight of combined anserine and carnosine (approximately 1400-2100mg for a 70kg person) taken 40-60 minutes before exercise for optimal ergogenic effects
- Chronic Athletic Use: 1500mg daily combined anserine/carnosine supplementation for 30+ days to build tissue stores, with continued daily use showing sustained benefits without tolerance development
- Antioxidant Effects: 15-30mg/kg body weight (approximately 1000-2100mg for 70kg person) effectively increased antioxidant enzyme activity and reduced exercise-induced oxidative stress
- Minimal Adverse Effects: Clinical trials consistently report no significant side effects at standard doses (750-1500mg daily), with anserine demonstrating excellent safety profile in elderly populations
- Glutathione Elevation: Some studies noted elevated GSSG (oxidized glutathione) levels, though this may be part of normal antioxidant cycling rather than a harmful effect
- No Tolerance Development: Long-term studies (3-6 months) showed sustained benefits without tolerance buildup or withdrawal effects when discontinued
- Well-Tolerated: Studies specifically note the absence of gastrointestinal distress, cognitive side effects, or metabolic disruptions at therapeutic doses in human trials
- Dietary Sources: Naturally abundant in chicken breast, tuna, and other poultry/fish products, with chicken essence being a traditional source containing bioactive anserine and carnosine
- Supplement Forms: Available as isolated anserine, combined anserine/carnosine formulas, or chicken meat extract standardized to histidine dipeptide content, typically in capsule or powder form
- Research-Grade Sources: Clinical trials have used pharmaceutical-grade anserine, though specific commercial supplement brands were not commonly mentioned in the research literature reviewed
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